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Charon Charon's Pluto-facing hemisphere (determined from brightness variations during Pluto-Charon occultations) |
| Discovery |
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| Discovered by: | James W. Christy |
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| Discovery date: | June 22, 1978 |
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| Orbital characteristics |
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| Epoch 2,452,600.5 |
| Semi-major axis: | 19,571 ± 4 km |
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| Eccentricity: | 0.00000 ± 0.00007 |
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| Orbital period: | 6.3872304 ± 0.0000011 d (6 d 9 h 17 m 36.7 ± 0.1 s) |
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| Inclination: | 0° (to Pluto's equator) 119.591 ± 0.014° (to Pluto's orbit) 112.783 ± 0.014° (to the ecliptic) |
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| Longitude of ascending node: | 223.046 ± 0.014° (to vernal equinox) |
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| Satellite of: | Pluto |
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| Physical characteristics |
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| Mean radius: | 603.5 ± 1.5 km (0.095 Earths) |
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| Surface area: | 4.58×106 km² |
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| Mass: | (1.52 ± 0.06)×1021 kg (2.54×10−4 Earths) |
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| Mean density: | 1.65 ± 0.06 g/cm³ |
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| Equatorial surface gravity: | 0.278 m/s2 |
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| Escape velocity: | 0.580 km/s .36 mi/s |
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| Rotation period: | synchronous |
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| Axial tilt: | zero? |
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| Albedo: | varies between 0.36 and 0.39 |
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| Temperature: | -220°C (53 K) |
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| Apparent magnitude: | 16.8 |
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| Angular size: | 55 milli-arcsec |
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Charon (shair'-ən (key), IPA: /ˈʃeərən/, also kair'-ən, /ˈkeərən/; Greek Χάρων), discovered in 1978, is, depending on the definition employed, either the largest moon of Pluto or one member of a double dwarf planet with Pluto being the other member. With the discovery in 2005 of two other moons of Pluto (Nix and Hydra), Charon is now also referred to as Pluto I. The New Horizons mission is scheduled to visit Charon and Pluto in July 2015.
Charon should not be confused with the similarly named Chiron, a smaller object in the outer solar system.
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